Stem Cells
Constitutive STAT5 activation regulates Paneth and Paneth-like cells to control Clostridium difficile colitisSTAT5 controls the intestinal epithelial stem cell niche by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and lack of active pYSTAT5 induces Clostridium difficile infection. STAT5 may be a transcription factor that restricts niche cell differentiation.
ROS amplification drives mouse spermatogonial stem cell self-renewalAlthough reactive oxygen species (ROS) are required for spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) self-renewal, the mechanism has remained unknown. We show that SSC self-renewal signals activate MAPK14/MAPK7 pathway to induce nuclear translocation of BCL6B and activation of NOX1.
Location-dependent maintenance of intrinsic susceptibility to mTORC1-driven tumorigenesisPer-cell quantification of mTORC1 signaling activity in neural stem/progenitor cells reveals differential signaling, proliferative, and tumor-forming capability between dorsal and ventral cells within a single niche.
Assessment and site-specific manipulation of DNA (hydroxy-)methylation during mouse corticogenesisThis work describes the dynamics of DNA modifications in specific cell types of the developing mammalian cortex. By providing a new method to manipulate this process in vivo, it is shown how this process can influence brain formation.
Polycomb and Notch signaling regulate cell proliferation potential during Caenorhabditis elegans life cycleCaenorhabditis elegans lineage is invariant between animals. By challenging cell fate in differentiated worms, an unexpected role of Polycomb and Notch signaling in the control of cell proliferation was uncovered, suggesting that the lineage is more flexible than believed.
A C/EBPα–Wnt connection in gut homeostasis and carcinogenesisThis research reveals an antagonism between C/EBPα expression and activated Wnt signaling in the human and mouse gut and suggests a tumor suppressor function of C/EBPα in human and murine intestinal cancer.
Variants of DNMT3A cause transcript-specific DNA methylation patterns and affect hematopoiesisModulation of DNMT3A splice variants causes transcript-specific DNA methylation and gene expression changes and affects differentiation. Particularly, transcript 2 is relevant in acute myeloid leukemia.
Chromatin-mediated translational control is essential for neural cell fate specificationChd5 loss links the up-regulation of ribosomal genes to enhanced translation, causing the untimely production of a master transcription factor that unleashes stem cells and alters cell fate.
Pericytes promote skin regeneration by inducing epidermal cell polarity and planar cell divisionsThis study reveals that mesenchymal stem cell–like dermal pericytes increase the number of epidermal stem and progenitor cells in human skin by promoting planar cell divisions within the proliferative compartment, without compromising skin differentiation—most likely via paracrine BMP-2 secretion.
JIP2 haploinsufficiency contributes to neurodevelopmental abnormalities in human pluripotent stem cell–derived neural progenitors and cortical neuronsMolecular and cellular profiling of patient-specific neural cell types provides suggestions for the involvement of JIP2 in the neurodevelopmental disorder Phelan–McDermid syndrome.