Molecular Biology
The iron–sulfur helicase DDX11 promotes the generation of single-stranded DNA for CHK1 activationThe iron–sulfur cluster helicase DDX11 promotes the generation of ssDNA and the phosphorylation of CHK1 at serine-345, possibly by unwinding replication-dependent DNA secondary structures.
Retrograde trafficking of Argonaute 2 acts as a rate-limiting step for de novo miRNP formation on endoplasmic reticulum–attached polysomes in mammalian cellsIntracellular trafficking of Argonaute 2 controls de novo miRNP formation on endoplasmic reticulum–attached polysomes in mammalian cells.
In vivo and in vitro knockout system labelled using fluorescent protein via microhomology-mediated end joiningThis study provides a new method that enables the labelling of knockout cells with fluorescent protein through microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ)–based knock-in.
Dual role of a GTPase conformational switch for membrane fusion by mitofusin ubiquitylationMitochondrial fusion requires a conformational change in α4 of the GTPase domain, followed by AAA-ATPase regulation, thus revealing striking mechanistic similarities between small and large GTPases.
Expression of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase relates to monocyte dysfunction and severity of cirrhosisImmune dysfunction determines morbidity and mortality in liver cirrhosis. Distinct AXL-expressing circulating monocytes, which regulate antimicrobial responses, expand with progression of the disease.
Refining the adipose progenitor cell landscape in healthy and obese visceral adipose tissue using single-cell gene expression profilingThis work dissects adipose progenitor cell (APC) heterogeneity in normal and obese adipose tissue using single-cell expression profiling. Novel APC subpopulations are identified and characterized.
Plasticity in salt bridge allows fusion-competent ubiquitylation of mitofusins and Cdc48 recognitionMitochondrial fusion requires an alternating salt bridge between CMT2A-associated disease residues that enable GTP hydrolysis; Fzo1 ubiquitylation then licenses post-fusion recycling by Cdc48.
Nrf2 signaling links ER oxidative protein folding and calcium homeostasis in health and diseaseOxidative protein folding in the ER generates ROS, leading to Nrf2-dependent feedback on protein folding via ER calcium level modulation. This feedback loop is suppressed in ALS-associated mutant astrocytes but can be rescued by dimethyl fumarate.
Conservation of cell-intrinsic immune responses in diverse nonhuman primate speciesThe transcriptomic response of diverse nonhuman primate (NHP) species to poly(I:C) is highly conserved, and this novel RNA sequencing dataset will help improve NHP genome annotations.
Resolving kinesin stepping: one head at a timeThis study shows for the first time a qualitative difference in the stepping of a heterodimeric motor and the asymmetric influence of autoinhibition on the stepping of one of the heads.