Molecular Biology
The CCR4–NOT complex maintains liver homeostasis through mRNA deadenylationThe CCR4–NOT complex maintains liver homeostasis by fine-tuning levels of mRNAs, including those for transcription factors, cell cycle regulators, DNA damage response proteins, and liver function–related molecules.
A novel class of polymorphic toxins in BacteroidetesBacteria often use toxins to mediate their interaction with the environment. This study reveals a new class of polymorphic toxins, which contain an N-terminal TANFOR domain, in Bacteroidetes.
CSDE1 controls gene expression through the miRNA-mediated decay machineryCSDE1 is a new component of miRNA-induced silencing complex and interacts with DCP1–DCP2 decapping machinery with potential roles in miRNA-mediated target degradation.
MagnEdit—interacting factors that recruit DNA-editing enzymes to single base targetsThis study reports a new, non-covalent strategy—called MagnEdit—that attracts the DNA cytosine deaminase APOBEC3B to a Cas9-directed site for C-to-T editing.
Transglutaminase 2 mediates hypoxia-induced selective mRNA translation via polyamination of 4EBPsThis study highlights the role of transglutaminase 2 in selective mRNA translation of hypoxic cancer cells by polyamination-dependent modulation of 4EBPs, providing a target for cancer treatment.
The iron–sulfur helicase DDX11 promotes the generation of single-stranded DNA for CHK1 activationThe iron–sulfur cluster helicase DDX11 promotes the generation of ssDNA and the phosphorylation of CHK1 at serine-345, possibly by unwinding replication-dependent DNA secondary structures.
Retrograde trafficking of Argonaute 2 acts as a rate-limiting step for de novo miRNP formation on endoplasmic reticulum–attached polysomes in mammalian cellsIntracellular trafficking of Argonaute 2 controls de novo miRNP formation on endoplasmic reticulum–attached polysomes in mammalian cells.
In vivo and in vitro knockout system labelled using fluorescent protein via microhomology-mediated end joiningThis study provides a new method that enables the labelling of knockout cells with fluorescent protein through microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ)–based knock-in.
Dual role of a GTPase conformational switch for membrane fusion by mitofusin ubiquitylationMitochondrial fusion requires a conformational change in α4 of the GTPase domain, followed by AAA-ATPase regulation, thus revealing striking mechanistic similarities between small and large GTPases.
Expression of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase relates to monocyte dysfunction and severity of cirrhosisImmune dysfunction determines morbidity and mortality in liver cirrhosis. Distinct AXL-expressing circulating monocytes, which regulate antimicrobial responses, expand with progression of the disease.