Microbiology, Virology & Host Pathogen Interaction
Endolysosome-targeted nanoparticle delivery of antiviral therapy for coronavirus infectionsLysosome-targeting nanoparticles, loaded with mefloquine, inhibit coronavirus infection in mouse MHV-A59 and human OC43 coronavirus model systems, as well as SARS-CoV-2 WA1 and its Omicron variant in a human lung epithelium model.
lncRNA CARINH regulates expression and function of innate immune transcription factor IRF1 in macrophagesThe antisense lncRNA CARINH acts as an additional regulatory layer of antiviral immunity through coordinated regulation of the transcription factor IRF1 and downstream interferon-stimulated genes.
Molecular analysis of acute pyelonephritis—excessive innate and attenuated adaptive immunityCharacteristics of a cytokine storm, with hyper-activated innate immunity and attenuated adaptive immunity in infants with acute pyelonephritis, defined by gene expression, urine protein, and exome sequence analysis.
Nef mediates neuroimmune response, myelin impairment, and neuronal injury in EcoHIV-infected miceAntiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) outcomes, but nearly half of individuals remain affected. This study reveals how the HIV protein Nef drives neuroinflammation and neuronal damage, highlighting potential therapeutic targets for HAND-related neuropathology.
Helicobacter pylori induces the expression of Lgr5 and stem cell properties in gastric target cellsHelicobacter pylori infection induces Lgr5 expression and stem cell properties in its target cells in a type IV secretion system/NF-kB-dependent manner. This effect on stemness is exacerbated by constitutive Wnt pathway activation and persists after antibiotic eradication.
Transcriptional and methylation outcomes of didehydro-cortistatin A use in HIV-1–infected CD4+ T cellsThe HIV-1 Tat inhibitor didehydro-cortistatin A not only blocks HIV-1 transcription but also induces specific transcriptional and epigenetic changes in CD4+ T cells, promoting a tolerogenic Treg/Th2 phenotype and reducing inflammatory gene expression.
Quantitative assessment of the nanoanatomy of the contractile vacuole complex in Trypanosoma cruziElectron microscopy analysis of the osmoregulatory system in T. cruzi cell lines subjected to cryopreparation methods revealed dynamic changes in the contractile vacuole complex (CVC) and the structure of the adhesion plaque domain during the CVC pulsation cycle.
FAT10 inhibits TRIM21 to down-regulate antiviral type-I interferon secretionThe ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 down-regulates the antiviral type-I IFN response not only by targeting OTUB1 but also by degrading the E3 TRIM21 and by inhibiting its activation upon IAV infection.
- Correction: Reduced protein-coding transcript diversity in severe dengue emphasises the role of alternative splicing
Transcriptomic analysis of dengue-infected patients reveals altered immune response pathways, transcript diversity, and splicing efficiency, underscoring potential therapeutic targets for treatment.
Reduced protein-coding transcript diversity in severe dengue emphasises the role of alternative splicingTranscriptomic analysis of dengue-infected patients reveals altered immune response pathways, transcript diversity, and splicing efficiency, underscoring potential therapeutic targets for treatment.