Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and
represents a looming public health crisis as the global population ages. While the etiology of …

Mutations in PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) cause autosomal recessive early-
onset Parkinson's disease (PD). PINK1 is a Ser/Thr kinase that regulates mitochondrial …

E2-conjugating enzymes (E2s) play a central role in the enzymatic cascade that leads to the
attachment of ubiquitin to a substrate. This process, termed ubiquitylation, is required to …

Mechanisms that prevent accidental activation of the PINK1/Parkin mitophagy circuit on
healthy mitochondria are poorly understood. On the surface of damaged mitochondria …

Proteostasis can be disturbed by mutations affecting folding and stability of the encoded
protein. An example is the ubiquitin ligase Parkin, where gene variants result in autosomal …

Arrestins were discovered for their role in homologous desensitization of G‐protein‐coupled
receptors (GPCRs). Later non‐visual arrestins were shown to regulate several signaling …

Complete loss-of-function mutations in the PRKN gene are a major cause of early-onset
Parkinson's disease (PD). PRKN encodes the Parkin protein, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that manifests clinically as
alterations in movement as well as multiple non-motor symptoms including but not limited to …

Mutations in parkin and PINK1 cause early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD). The ubiquitin
ligase parkin is recruited to damaged mitochondria and activated by PINK1, a kinase that …

Mitochondria accumulate damage over time. Cells maintain a healthy pool of mitochondria
by targeting damaged mitochondria for mitophagy (mitochondrial degradation) via the …