Background Phosphorylation of eIF2α provides a key mechanism for down-regulating
protein synthesis in response to nutrient starvation or stresses in mammalian and yeast cells. …

In flowering plants, heterochromatin is demarcated by the histone variant H2A.W, elevated
levels of the linker histone H1, and specific epigenetic modifications, such as high levels of …

Transcriptional silencing is an essential mechanism for controlling the expression of genes,
transgenes and heterochromatic repeats through specific epigenetic marks on chromatin …

Biogenesis of the vast majority of plant siRNAs depends on the activity of the plant-specific
RNA polymerase IV (PolIV) enzyme. As part of the RNA-dependent DNA methylation (RdDM) …

Transposable elements (TEs) are prevalent in most eukaryotes, and host genomes have
devised silencing strategies to rein in TE activity. One of these, transcriptional silencing, is …

The proper temporal and spatial expression of genes during plant development is governed,
in part, by the regulatory activities of various types of small RNAs produced by the different …

Background Chromatin organizes DNA and regulates its transcriptional activity through
epigenetic modifications. Heterochromatic regions of the genome are generally transcriptionally …

In this work, we retrace the evolutionary history of plant double-stranded RNA binding proteins
(DRBs), a group of non-catalytic factors containing one or more double-stranded RNA …

Constitutive heterochromatin is associated with repressive epigenetic modifications of histones
and DNA which silence transcription. Yet, particular mutations or environmental changes …

Catabolic stimuli induce a coordinate expression of the 20S proteasome subunits in skeletal
muscles. However, contradictory data have been obtained for the 19S regulatory complex (…