The RAD1 and RAD10 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are required for both nucleotide
excision repair and certain mitotic recombination events. Here, model recombination and …

Signals transmitted by common components often elicit distinct (yet appropriate) outcomes.
In yeast, two developmental options—mating and invasive growth—are both regulated by the …

Protein kinases often recognize their substrates and regulators through docking interactions
that occur outside of the active site; these interactions can help us to understand kinase …

Yeast RNA polymerase II initiation factor b, homolog of human TFIIH, is a protein kinase
capable of phosphorylating the C-terminal repeat domain of the polymerase; it possesses a DNA…

The recognition of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) by their upstream activators,
MAPK/ERK kinases (MEKs), is crucial for the effective and accurate transmission of many …

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades control gene expression patterns in
response to extracellular stimuli. MAPK/ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) kinases (…

DAMAGE-SPECIFIC recognition and incision of DNA during nucleotide excision repair in
yeast 1 and mammalian cells 2 requires multiple gene products. Amino-acid sequence …

Anthrax lethal toxin is the major cause of death in systemic anthrax. Lethal toxin consists of
two proteins: protective antigen and LF (lethal factor). Protective antigen binds to a cell-…

D-sites are a class of MAPK-docking sites that have been found in many MAPK regulators
and substrates. A single functional, high affinity D-site has been identified near the N terminus …

Specific docking interactions between MAPKs and their activating MAPK kinases (MKKs or
MEKs) are crucial for efficient and accurate signal transmission. Here, we report the …