The end-joining factor Ku acts in the end-resection of double strand break-free arrested replication forks

Nat Commun. 2017 Dec 7;8(1):1982. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02144-5.

Abstract

Replication requires homologous recombination (HR) to stabilize and restart terminally arrested forks. HR-mediated fork processing requires single stranded DNA (ssDNA) gaps and not necessarily double strand breaks. We used genetic and molecular assays to investigate fork-resection and restart at dysfunctional, unbroken forks in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Here, we report that fork-resection is a two-step process regulated by the non-homologous end joining factor Ku. An initial resection mediated by MRN-Ctp1 removes Ku from terminally arrested forks, generating ~110 bp sized gaps obligatory for subsequent Exo1-mediated long-range resection and replication restart. The mere lack of Ku impacts the processing of arrested forks, leading to an extensive resection, a reduced recruitment of RPA and Rad51 and a slower fork-restart process. We propose that terminally arrested forks undergo fork reversal, providing a single DNA end for Ku binding. We uncover a role for Ku in regulating end-resection of unbroken forks and in fine-tuning HR-mediated replication restart.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / metabolism
  • DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded
  • DNA End-Joining Repair / physiology*
  • DNA Replication / physiology*
  • DNA, Single-Stranded / metabolism
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Exodeoxyribonucleases / metabolism
  • Homologous Recombination / physiology*
  • Ku Autoantigen / genetics
  • Ku Autoantigen / metabolism*
  • Rad51 Recombinase / metabolism
  • Replication Protein A / metabolism
  • Schizosaccharomyces / physiology*
  • Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone
  • Ctp1 protein, S pombe
  • DNA, Single-Stranded
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Nbs1 protein, S pombe
  • RHP51 protein, S pombe
  • Rad50 protein, S pombe
  • Replication Protein A
  • Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins
  • Rad51 Recombinase
  • Exodeoxyribonucleases
  • Mre11 protein, S pombe
  • Ku Autoantigen