Control of Chromatin Structure by Long Noncoding RNA

Trends Cell Biol. 2015 Oct;25(10):623-632. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.07.002.

Abstract

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a pivotal factor regulating various aspects of genome activity. Genome regulation via DNA methylation and post-translational histone modifications is a well-documented function of lncRNA in plants, fungi, and animals. Here, we summarize evidence showing that lncRNA also controls chromatin structure, including nucleosome positioning and chromosome looping. We focus on data from plant experimental systems, discussed in the context of other eukaryotes. We explain the mechanisms of lncRNA-controlled chromatin remodeling and the implications of the functional interplay between noncoding transcription and several different chromatin remodelers. We propose that the unique properties of RNA make it suitable for controlling chromatin modifications and structure.

Keywords: RNA Polymerase V; chromatin remodeling; chromosome looping; nucleosome.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Arabidopsis / genetics
  • Arabidopsis Proteins / genetics*
  • Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly / genetics*
  • DNA Methylation / genetics
  • DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / genetics*
  • Histones / genetics
  • Nucleosomes / genetics
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational / genetics*
  • RNA, Long Noncoding / genetics*

Substances

  • Arabidopsis Proteins
  • Histones
  • Nucleosomes
  • RNA, Long Noncoding
  • RNA polymerase V, Arabidopsis
  • DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases