Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential component for neuronal physiology not only during development stage but also in the adult life. Cholesterol metabolism in brain is independent from that in peripheral tissues due to blood-brain barrier. The content of cholesterol in brain must be accurately maintained in order to keep brain function well. Defects in brain cholesterol metabolism has been shown to be implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease (HD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and some cognitive deficits typical of the old age. The brain contains large amount of cholesterol, but the cholesterol metabolism and its complex homeostasis regulation are currently poorly understood. This review will seek to integrate current knowledge about the brain cholesterol metabolism with molecular mechanisms.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / genetics
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ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / metabolism
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Alzheimer Disease / genetics
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Alzheimer Disease / metabolism*
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Alzheimer Disease / pathology
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Blood-Brain Barrier
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Brain / metabolism*
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Brain / pathology
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Cholesterol / metabolism*
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Gene Expression Regulation
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Homeostasis
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Humans
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Huntington Disease / genetics
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Huntington Disease / metabolism*
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Huntington Disease / pathology
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Hydroxycholesterols / metabolism
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Lipid Metabolism / genetics*
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Neurons / metabolism
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Neurons / pathology
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Parkinson Disease / genetics
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Parkinson Disease / metabolism*
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Parkinson Disease / pathology
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Receptors, Lipoprotein / genetics
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Receptors, Lipoprotein / metabolism
Substances
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ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters
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Hydroxycholesterols
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Receptors, Lipoprotein
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24-hydroxycholesterol
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Cholesterol