Abstract
The activity of motor proteins must be tightly regulated in the cells to prevent unnecessary energy consumption and to maintain proper distribution of cellular components. Loading of the cargo molecule is one likely mechanism to activate an inactive motor. Here, we report that the activity of the kinesin-3 motor protein, GAKIN, is regulated by the direct binding of its protein cargo, human discs large (hDlg) tumor suppressor. Recombinant GAKIN exhibits potent microtubule gliding activity but has little microtubule-stimulated ATPase activity in solution, suggesting that it exists in an autoinhibitory form. In vitro binding measurements revealed that defined segments of GAKIN, particularly the MAGUK binding stalk (MBS) domain and the motor domain, mediate intramolecular interactions to confer globular protein conformation. Direct binding of the SH3-I3-GUK module of hDlg to the MBS domain of GAKIN activates the microtubule-stimulated ATPase activity of GAKIN by approximately 10-fold. We propose that the cargo-mediated regulation of motor activity constitutes a general paradigm for the activation of kinesins.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / chemistry
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / metabolism*
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Adenosine Triphosphatases / metabolism*
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Animals
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Carrier Proteins / isolation & purification
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Carrier Proteins / metabolism*
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Discs Large Homolog 1 Protein
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Enzyme Reactivators
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Humans
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Kinesins / chemistry
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Kinesins / isolation & purification
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Kinesins / metabolism*
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Membrane Proteins / chemistry
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Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
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Microtubule-Associated Proteins / metabolism
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Models, Biological
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Models, Molecular
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Molecular Motor Proteins / metabolism
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Protein Binding
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Protein Structure, Tertiary
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Protein Transport
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / chemistry
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / isolation & purification
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism*
Substances
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
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Carrier Proteins
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DLG1 protein, human
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Discs Large Homolog 1 Protein
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Enzyme Reactivators
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Membrane Proteins
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Microtubule-Associated Proteins
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Molecular Motor Proteins
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins
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Adenosine Triphosphatases
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KIF13B protein, human
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Kinesins