Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Article
  • Published:

Peroxiredoxins couple metabolism and cell division in an ultradian cycle

Nature Chemical Biology volume 17, pages 477–484 (2021)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Redox cycles have been reported in ultradian, circadian and cell cycle-synchronized systems. Redox cycles persist in the absence of transcription and cyclin-CDK activity, indicating that cells harbor multiple coupled oscillators. Nonetheless, the causal relationships and molecular mechanisms by which redox cycles are embedded within ultradian, circadian or cell division cycles remain largely elusive. Yeast harbor an ultradian oscillator, the yeast metabolic cycle (YMC), which comprises metabolic/redox cycles, transcriptional cycles and synchronized cell division. Here, we reveal the existence of robust cycling of H2O2 and peroxiredoxin oxidation during the YMC and show that peroxiredoxin inactivation disrupts metabolic cycling and abolishes coupling with cell division. We find that thiol-disulfide oxidants and reductants predictably modulate the switching between different YMC metabolic states, which in turn predictably perturbs cell cycle entry and exit. We propose that oscillatory H2O2-dependent protein thiol oxidation is a key regulator of metabolic cycling and its coordination with cell division.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

  • Purchase on Springer Link
  • Instant access to full article PDF
Buy now

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Fig. 1: H2O2 levels and peroxiredoxin oxidation oscillate during the YMC.
Fig. 2: The YMC is redox-regulated and controlled by peroxiredoxins.
Fig. 3: Peroxiredoxins are essential for robust YMC cycling.
Fig. 4: Peroxiredoxins are required for coupling cell division and metabolic cycles.
Fig. 5: Metabolic switching is crucial for triggering cell cycle entry and exit.
Fig. 6: Model showing the role of peroxiredoxins in the YMC.

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

All datasets generated or analyzed during this study are included in this Article and its Supplementary Information. Source data are provided with this paper.

References

  1. Takahashi, J. S. Transcriptional architecture of the mammalian circadian clock. Nat. Rev. Genet. 18, 164–179 (2017).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Dunlap, J. C. Molecular bases for circadian clocks. Cell 96, 271–290 (1999).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Gaucher, J., Montellier, E. & Sassone-Corsi, P. Molecular cogs: interplay between circadian clock and cell cycle. Trends Cell Biol. 28, 368–379 (2018).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Nakajima, M. et al. Reconstitution of circadian oscillation of cyanobacterial KaiC phosphorylation in vitro. Science 308, 414–415 (2005).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Tomita, J., Nakajima, M., Kondo, T. & Iwasaki, H. No transcription-translation feedback in circadian rhythm of KaiC phosphorylation. Science 307, 251–254 (2005).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Sweeney, B. M., Tuffli, C. F. Jr & Rubin, R. H. The circadian rhythm in photosynthesis in Acetabularia in the presence of actinomycin D, puromycin and chloramphenicol. J. Gen. Physiol. 50, 647–659 (1967).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Woolum, J. C. A re-examination of the role of the nucleus in generating the circadian rhythm in Acetabularia. J. Biol. Rhythms 6, 129–136 (1991).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Causton, H. C., Feeney, K. A., Ziegler, C. A. & O’Neill, J. S. Metabolic cycles in yeast share features conserved among circadian rhythms. Curr. Biol. 25, 1056–1062 (2015).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Edgar, R. S. et al. Peroxiredoxins are conserved markers of circadian rhythms. Nature 485, 459–464 (2012).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. O’Neill, J. S. & Reddy, A. B. Circadian clocks in human red blood cells. Nature 469, 498–503 (2011).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. O’Neill, J. S. et al. Circadian rhythms persist without transcription in a eukaryote. Nature 469, 554–558 (2011).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Cho, C. S., Yoon, H. J., Kim, J. Y., Woo, H. A. & Rhee, S. G. Circadian rhythm of hyperoxidized peroxiredoxin II is determined by hemoglobin autoxidation and the 20S proteasome in red blood cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111, 12043–12048 (2014).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Henslee, E. A. et al. Rhythmic potassium transport regulates the circadian clock in human red blood cells. Nat. Commun. 8, 1978 (2017).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Tu, B. P., Kudlicki, A., Rowicka, M. & McKnight, S. L. Logic of the yeast metabolic cycle: temporal compartmentalization of cellular processes. Science 310, 1152–1158 (2005).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Tu, B. P. et al. Cyclic changes in metabolic state during the life of a yeast cell. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 104, 16886–16891 (2007).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Burnetti, A. J., Aydin, M. & Buchler, N. E. Cell cycle start is coupled to entry into the yeast metabolic cycle across diverse strains and growth rates. Mol. Biol. Cell 27, 64–74 (2016).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Papagiannakis, A., Niebel, B., Wit, E. C. & Heinemann, M. Autonomous metabolic oscillations robustly gate the early and late cell cycle. Mol. Cell 65, 285–295 (2017).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Chen, Z., Odstrcil, E. A., Tu, B. P. & McKnight, S. L. Restriction of DNA replication to the reductive phase of the metabolic cycle protects genome integrity. Science 316, 1916–1919 (2007).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Klevecz, R. R., Bolen, J., Forrest, G. & Murray, D. B. A genomewide oscillation in transcription gates DNA replication and cell cycle. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 101, 1200–1205 (2004).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Lloyd, D., Lemar, K. M., Salgado, L. E., Gould, T. M. & Murray, D. B. Respiratory oscillations in yeast: mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, apoptosis and time; a hypothesis. FEMS Yeast Res. 3, 333–339 (2003).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Zeida, A. et al. Catalysis of peroxide reduction by fast reacting protein thiols. Chem. Rev. 119, 10829–10855 (2019).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Perkins, A., Nelson, K. J., Parsonage, D., Poole, L. B. & Karplus, P. A. Peroxiredoxins: guardians against oxidative stress and modulators of peroxide signaling. Trends Biochem. Sci. 40, 435–445 (2015).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Veal, E. A., Underwood, Z. E., Tomalin, L. E., Morgan, B. A. & Pillay, C. S. Hyperoxidation of peroxiredoxins: gain or loss of function? Antioxid. Redox. Signal. 28, 574–590 (2018).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Morgan, B. et al. Real-time monitoring of basal H2O2 levels with peroxiredoxin-based probes. Nat. Chem. Biol. 12, 437–443 (2016).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Nijkamp, J. F. et al. De novo sequencing, assembly and analysis of the genome of the laboratory strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae CEN.PK113-7D, a model for modern industrial biotechnology. Microb. Cell Fact. 11, 36 (2012).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Murray, D. B. et al. in Systems Biology of Metabolic and Signaling Networks (eds Aon, M. et al.) 323–349 (Springer, 2014).

  27. Morgan, B., Sobotta, M. C. & Dick, T. P. Measuring E(GSH) and H2O2 with roGFP2-based redox probes. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 51, 1943–1951 (2011).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Staudacher, V. et al. Redox-sensitive GFP fusions for monitoring the catalytic mechanism and inactivation of peroxiredoxins in living cells. Redox Biol. 14, 549–556 (2018).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Fomenko, D. E. et al. Thiol peroxidases mediate specific genome-wide regulation of gene expression in response to hydrogen peroxide. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 108, 2729–2734 (2011).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. Mulleder, M., Campbell, K., Matsarskaia, O., Eckerstorfer, F. & Ralser, M. Saccharomyces cerevisiae single-copy plasmids for auxotrophy compensation, multiple marker selection, and for designing metabolically cooperating communities. F1000Res. 5, 2351 (2016).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  31. Ewald, J. C. How yeast coordinates metabolism, growth and division. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 45, 1–7 (2018).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Zhao, G., Chen, Y., Carey, L. & Futcher, B. Cyclin-dependent kinase co-ordinates carbohydrate metabolism and cell cycle in S. cerevisiae. Mol. Cell 62, 546–557 (2016).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  33. Slavov, N., Macinskas, J., Caudy, A. & Botstein, D. Metabolic cycling without cell division cycling in respiring yeast. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 108, 19090–19095 (2011).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  34. Williamson, D. H. The timing of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in the cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Cell Biol. 25, 517–528 (1965).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  35. Schneider, B. L., Yang, Q. H. & Futcher, A. B. Linkage of replication to start by the Cdk inhibitor Sic1. Science 272, 560–562 (1996).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Brown, J. D. et al. A peroxiredoxin promotes H2O2 signaling and oxidative stress resistance by oxidizing a thioredoxin family protein. Cell Rep. 5, 1425–1435 (2013).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  37. Calabrese, G. et al. Hyperoxidation of mitochondrial peroxiredoxin limits H2O2-induced cell death in yeast. EMBO J. 38, e101552 (2019).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Stöcker, S., Maurer, M., Ruppert, T. & Dick, T. P. A role for 2-Cys peroxiredoxins in facilitating cytosolic protein thiol oxidation. Nat. Chem. Biol. 14, 148–155 (2018).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Sobotta, M. C. et al. Peroxiredoxin-2 and STAT3 form a redox relay for H2O2 signaling. Nat. Chem. Biol. 11, 64–70 (2015).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Jarvis, R. M., Hughes, S. M. & Ledgerwood, E. C. Peroxiredoxin 1 functions as a signal peroxidase to receive, transduce, and transmit peroxide signals in mammalian cells. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 53, 1522–1530 (2012).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Delaunay, A., Pflieger, D., Barrault, M. B., Vinh, J. & Toledano, M. B. A thiol peroxidase is an H2O2 receptor and redox-transducer in gene activation. Cell 111, 471–481 (2002).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Roger, F. et al. Peroxiredoxin promotes longevity and H2O2-resistance in yeast through redox-modulation of protein kinase A. eLife 9, e60346 (2020).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  43. Kuang, Z., Pinglay, S., Ji, H. & Boeke, J. D. Msn2/4 regulate expression of glycolytic enzymes and control transition from quiescence to growth. eLife 6, 29938 (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Silverman, S. J. et al. Metabolic cycling in single yeast cells from unsynchronized steady-state populations limited on glucose or phosphate. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 107, 6946–6951 (2010).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  45. Haase, S. B. & Reed, S. I. Evidence that a free-running oscillator drives G1 events in the budding yeast cell cycle. Nature 401, 394–397 (1999).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Orlando, D. A. et al. Global control of cell-cycle transcription by coupled CDK and network oscillators. Nature 453, 944–947 (2008).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  47. Simmons Kovacs, L. A. et al. Cyclin-dependent kinases are regulators and effectors of oscillations driven by a transcription factor network. Mol. Cell 45, 669–679 (2012).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Iraqui, I. et al. Peroxiredoxin Tsa1 is the key peroxidase suppressing genome instability and protecting against cell death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PLoS Genet. 5, e1000524 (2009).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  49. Nystrom, T., Yang, J. & Molin, M. Peroxiredoxins, gerontogenes linking aging to genome instability and cancer. Genes Dev. 26, 2001–2008 (2012).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  50. Morgan, D. O. Principles of CDK regulation. Nature 374, 131–134 (1995).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Meyer, A. J. & Dick, T. P. Fluorescent protein-based redox probes. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 13, 621–650 (2010).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

B.M. acknowledges generous financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft in the framework of the SPP1710 (MO 2774/2-1) and IRTG1830 programmes, as well as funding from the Technische Universität Kaiserslautern Nachwuchsring and the Forschungsinitiative Rhineland-Pfalz BioComp. G.Y.M. is funded by the Georg Forster Research Fellowship, awarded from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. We thank W. Zachariae (Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry) for providing the Clb2 antibody and B. Luke (Institute of Molecular Biology) for providing the Sic1 antibody. We thank T. Dick, J. Herrmann, J. Riemer, L. Prates Roma and F. Hannemann for invaluable discussions and for helpful and insightful comments on the manuscript. We thank V. Nehr for valuable technical assistance.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cellular Biochemistry, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Prince Saforo Amponsah & Sarah Mergel

  2. Institute of Biochemistry, Centre for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany

    Prince Saforo Amponsah, Jannik Zimmermann, Marie Mai & Bruce Morgan

  3. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

    Galal Yahya

  4. Department of Molecular Genetics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Galal Yahya & Zuzana Storchova

  5. Computational Systems Biology, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Timo Mühlhaus

Authors
  1. Prince Saforo Amponsah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Galal Yahya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jannik Zimmermann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Marie Mai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Sarah Mergel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Timo Mühlhaus
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Zuzana Storchova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Bruce Morgan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

B.M., P.S.A. and Z.S. designed all experiments and wrote the manuscript. P.S.A., J.Z., M.M. and S.M. performed metabolic cycle and online roGFP2-Tsa2ΔCR-based measurements, as well as experiments to assess the impact of redox compounds on oxygen and roGFP2-Tsa2ΔCR cycling. They also performed the experiments to assess the impact of genetic and chemical perturbation of the YMC on cell division using flow cytometry-based analysis of DNA content. P.S.A. performed tetrad dissection and the experiments associated with auxin degron-based regulation of peroxiredoxin level. G.Y. performed all budding index experiments and western blot analyses of cell cycle markers. P.S.A., T.M. and B.M. performed the correlation analyses and statistical analyses of all datasets. All authors contributed to data interpretation.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bruce Morgan.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Extended data

Extended Data Fig. 1 Oxygen consumption and cytosolic H2O2 levels oscillate in phase.

a–c, The media oxygen saturation and roGFP2-Tsa2ΔCR oxidation was monitored for three complete cycles in three independent YMC-synchronized cultures of wild-type cells (datasets presented in Fig. 1c and Supplementary Fig. 2b). Autocorrelation analysis of the oxygen and roGFP2-Tsa2ΔCR oxidation revealed robust and in-phase periodicity of the two signals. d, Plot showing time points of the oxygen saturation and roGFP2-Tsa2ΔCR oxidation minima and maxima. Data were fitted by linear regression and significance, as tested by a two-sided ANOVA, revealed p ≈ 0 (4.9 × 10−324).

Extended Data Fig. 2 LOC to HOC switching correlates with probe reduction after diamide treatment.

a–c, RoGFP2-Tsa2ΔCR probe oxidation following the addition of 2 mM diamide towards the end of LOC phase in three independent YMC-synchronized cultures.

Source data

Extended Data Fig. 3 Peroxiredoxin deletion perturbs the YMC.

a–d, Oxygen traces to show YMC cycling in either wild-type cells or cells deleted for the genes encoding the indicated peroxiredoxins. Each trace is derived from a completely independent YMC-synchronized culture. e, Cartoon illustrating the subcellular localization of the peroxiredoxins presented in a–d. f, Graph showing the average YMC periods determined from the datasets presented in a–d. n = 3 independent YMC-synchronized cultures. Error bars, mean ± s.d. P values are derived from an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test.

Source data

Extended Data Fig. 4 Combined deletion of AHP1 and TSA1 is lethal in CEN.PK yeast.

a, Scheme illustrating the mating, sporulation and tetrad dissection procedure. b, Images of tetrad dissection plates for all 33 tetrads dissected. c, Images showing growth of cells from all recovered viable spores on media containing the indicated antibiotics to assess for the presence of the antibiotic resistance cassettes used for gene deletion. d, Table showing the eight possible genotypes and the number of spores recovered with each genotype.

Extended Data Fig. 5 A prolonged switch to HOC phase leads to accumulation of cells with two buds.

a, Representative microscopy images of DAPI stained cells with 2 buds, isolated from YMC-synchronized cultures ~10 hours after addition of 5 mM DTT, the scale bar represents 2 µM. n = 3 independent experimental repeats.

Supplementary information

Supplementary Information

Supplementary Figs. 1–16 and Table 1.

Reporting Summary

Supplementary Data 1

Statistical source data for all relevant Supplementary figures.

Source data

Source Data Fig. 1

Statistical source data Fig. 1.

Source Data Fig. 2

Statistical source data Fig. 2.

Source Data Fig. 2b

Statistical source data Fig. 2b.

Source Data Fig. 3

Statistical source data Fig. 3.

Source Data Extended Data Fig. 2

Statistical source data Extended Fig. 2.

Source Data Extended Data Fig. 3

Statistical source data Extended Fig. 3.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Amponsah, P.S., Yahya, G., Zimmermann, J. et al. Peroxiredoxins couple metabolism and cell division in an ultradian cycle. Nat Chem Biol 17, 477–484 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41589-020-00728-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41589-020-00728-9

This article is cited by

Search

Advanced search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing