Abstract
Organ transplantation is limited by the availability of human donor organs. The transplantation of organs and tissues from other species (xenotransplantation) would supply an unlimited number of organs and offer many other advantages for which the pig has been identified as the most suitable source. However, the robust immune responses to xenografts remain a major obstacle to clinical application of xenotransplantation. The more vigorous xenograft rejection relative to allograft rejection is largely accounted for by the extensive genetic disparities between the donor and recipient. Xenografts activate host immunity not only by expressing immunogenic xenoantigens that provide the targets for immune recognition and rejection, but also by lacking ligands for the host immune inhibitory receptors. This review is focused on recent findings regarding the role of CD47, a ligand of an immune inhibitory receptor, signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPĪ±), in phagocytosis and xenograft rejection.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Dr Emmanuel Zorn for critical reading of the manuscript. The work from the authors' laboratory discussed in this review was supported by grants from NIH (RO1 AI064569 and PO1 AI045897), JDRF (1-2005-72) and ROTRF (#848155553).
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Navarro-Alvarez, N., Yang, YG. CD47: a new player in phagocytosis and xenograft rejection. Cell Mol Immunol 8, 285ā288 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2010.83
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2010.83
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