Molecular Cell
Volume 78, Issue 5, 4 June 2020, Pages 835-849.e7
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Article
NAD+ Controls Circadian Reprogramming through PER2 Nuclear Translocation to Counter Aging

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2020.04.010Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • NAD+ induces transcription of stress and metabolic genes through the circadian clock

  • BMAL1 is required for chromatin remodeling and HSF1 recruitment in response to NAD+

  • NAD+ regulates PER2 acetylation and localization to control feedback repression

  • NAD+ counters age-related decline in circadian function

Summary

Disrupted sleep-wake and molecular circadian rhythms are a feature of aging associated with metabolic disease and reduced levels of NAD+, yet whether changes in nucleotide metabolism control circadian behavioral and genomic rhythms remains unknown. Here, we reveal that supplementation with the NAD+ precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) markedly reprograms metabolic and stress-response pathways that decline with aging through inhibition of the clock repressor PER2. NR enhances BMAL1 chromatin binding genome-wide through PER2K680 deacetylation, which in turn primes PER2 phosphorylation within a domain that controls nuclear transport and stability and that is mutated in human advanced sleep phase syndrome. In old mice, dampened BMAL1 chromatin binding, transcriptional oscillations, mitochondrial respiration rhythms, and late evening activity are restored by NAD+ repletion to youthful levels with NR. These results reveal effects of NAD+ on metabolism and the circadian system with aging through the spatiotemporal control of the molecular clock.

Keywords

circadian
clock
NAD+
SIRT1
nicotinamide riboside
nicotinamide mononucleotide
heat shock factor 1
aging
liver
transcriptomics

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