Cell Host & Microbe
Volume 20, Issue 6, 14 December 2016, Pages 744-757
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Article
Noncanonical Fungal Autophagy Inhibits Inflammation in Response to IFN-γ via DAPK1

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2016.10.012Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • IFN-γ restrains inflammation during fungal clearance via DAPK1

  • DAPK1 promotes noncanonical autophagy and NLRP3 proteasomal degradation

  • DAPK1 deficiency predicts infection and inflammation in CGD or transplanted patients

  • IFN-γ therapy restores defective DAPK1

Summary

Defects in a form of noncanonical autophagy, known as LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), lead to increased inflammatory pathology during fungal infection. Although LAP contributes to fungal degradation, the molecular mechanisms underlying LAP-mediated modulation of inflammation are unknown. We describe a mechanism by which inflammation is regulated during LAP through the death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1). The ATF6/C/EBP-β/DAPK1 axis activated by IFN-γ not only mediates LAP to Aspergillus fumigatus but also concomitantly inhibits Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) activation and restrains pathogenic inflammation. In mouse models and patient samples of chronic granulomatous disease, which exhibit defective autophagy and increased inflammasome activity, IFN-γ restores reduced DAPK1 activity and dampens fungal growth. Additionally, in a cohort of hematopoietic stem cell-transplanted patients, a genetic DAPK1 deficiency is associated with increased inflammation and heightened aspergillosis susceptibility. Thus, DAPK1 is a potential drugable player in regulating the inflammatory response during fungal clearance initiated by IFN-γ.

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