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The Drosophila Model in Cancer pp 37–64Cite as

Drosophila Models of Cell Polarity and Cell Competition in Tumourigenesis

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1167))

Abstract

Cell competition is an important surveillance mechanism that measures relative fitness between cells in a tissue during development, homeostasis, and disease. Specifically, cells that are “less fit” (losers) are actively eliminated by relatively “more fit” (winners) neighbours, despite the less fit cells otherwise being able to survive in a genetically uniform tissue. Originally described in the epithelial tissues of Drosophila larval imaginal discs, cell competition has since been shown to occur in other epithelial and non-epithelial Drosophila tissues, as well as in mammalian model systems. Many genes and signalling pathways have been identified as playing conserved roles in the mechanisms of cell competition. Among them are genes required for the establishment and maintenance of apico-basal cell polarity: the Crumbs/Stardust/Patj (Crb/Sdt/Patj), Bazooka/Par-6/atypical Protein Kinase C (Baz/Par-6/aPKC), and Scribbled/Discs large 1/Lethal (2) giant larvae (Scrib/Dlg1/L(2)gl) modules. In this chapter, we describe the concepts and mechanisms of cell competition, with emphasis on the relationship between cell polarity proteins and cell competition, particularly the Scrib/Dlg1/L(2)gl module, since this is the best described module in this emerging field.

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Acknowledgements

JELM is supported by Australian Research Council (Grant DP170102549), NFL is supported by a La Trobe University PhD student scholarship, and HER is supported by funds from the School for Molecular Science at La Trobe University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Natasha Fahey-Lozano, John E. La Marca & Helena E. Richardson

  2. Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute (CSIC), Madrid, Spain

    Marta Portela

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  1. Natasha Fahey-Lozano
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  2. John E. La Marca
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  3. Marta Portela
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  4. Helena E. Richardson
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Correspondence to Helena E. Richardson .

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, LCRC, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Wu-Min Deng

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Fahey-Lozano, N., La Marca, J.E., Portela, M., Richardson, H.E. (2019). Drosophila Models of Cell Polarity and Cell Competition in Tumourigenesis. In: Deng, WM. (eds) The Drosophila Model in Cancer. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1167. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23629-8_3

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