Immunology
Tumor necrosis factor mediates USE1-independent FAT10ylation under inflammatory conditionsThe finding of TNF-dependent FAT10ylation in the absence of USE1 identifies seven additional, so far unknown FAT10-reactive E2 conjugating enzymes.
High-resolution kinetic characterization of the RIG-I-signaling pathway and the antiviral responseThis study takes a comprehensive approach to understand the dynamics of the cell-intrinsic response towards virus infection and how viruses actively modulate this.
Caspase-4 dimerisation and D289 auto-processing elicit an interleukin-1β-converting enzymeThe noncanonical inflammasome generates p32/p9 and p34/p9 active caspase-4 species via dimerisation and autocleavage; both species cleave GSDMD to induce pyroptosis, whereas p34/p9 matures IL-1β.
Macrophage Sult2b1 promotes pathological neovascularization in age-related macular degenerationSult2b1 deficiency attenuates pathologic neovascularization by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization and promoting cholesterol efflux via the LXR–ABCA1/G1 pathway.
PASCAR: a multiscale framework to explore the design space of constitutive and inducible CAR T cellsAn experimentally validated protein abundance structured population dynamic model for CAR T cells (PASCAR) that integrates processes from molecules to single cells to cell populations and systematically explores the design space of constitutive and tunable CAR T cells.
Inhibition of protein arginine deiminase 4 prevents inflammation-mediated heart failure in arthritisInhibition of protein arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), with an orally available inhibitor (JBI-589), prevents the development of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and diastolic heart failure in murine inflammatory arthritis with reduced neutrophil infiltration, NET deposition, and biomarkers of thromboinflammation in the myocardium.
Lsd1 safeguards T-cell development via suppressing endogenous retroelements and interferon responsesBulk and single-cell RNA-seq, combined with ChIP-seq analysis, reveal that the loss of Lsd1 leads to the aberrant depression of endogenous retroelements and subsequent IFN response signaling in thymocytes, which are possible causes of impaired early T cell development.
B-cell targeting with anti-CD38 daratumumab: implications for differentiation and memory responsesDaratumumab is an anti-CD38–targeting antibody that depletes plasma cells. This study shows that daratumumab also disturbs humoral immune responses beyond depletion only and may be used as therapeutic in B cell–mediated autoimmune diseases.
Characterizing control of memory CD8 T cell differentiation by BTB-ZF transcription factor Zbtb20This work characterizes the transcriptional and epigenetic control of memory CD8 T cell differentiation by the BTB-ZF family transcription factor Zbtb20 using single cell RNA and ATAC sequencing and identifies direct genomic targets of Zbtb20 using CUT&RUN.
Disulfide stabilization reveals conserved dynamic features between SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 spikesSARS-CoV-1 spike protein is stabilized with engineered disulfide bonds, and cryo-EM imaging of these stabilized S-trimers reveals rare spike conformations.