Immunology
- Reconstructing B-cell receptor sequences from short-read single-cell RNA sequencing with BRAPeS
BRAPeS is a software for B-cell receptor reconstruction in single cells from very short (25–30 bp) read lengths, which achieves similar success rates and accuracy as applying other methods on long reads.
- XIAP controls RIPK2 signaling by preventing its deposition in speck-like structures
This study provides evidence that the NOD1/2-associated kinase RIPK2 localizes to detergent insoluble cytosolic complexes upon activation and suggests novel regulatory mechanisms for RIPK2 signaling.
- Inhibition of host NOX1 blocks tumor growth and enhances checkpoint inhibitor–based immunotherapy
Blocking NOX1 with the novel small molecule inhibitor GKT771 inhibits tumor growth in mice by targeting tumor lymph/angiogenesis and promoting antitumor immune cells recruitment. GKT771 emerges as a novel and promising anticancer drug worth translating into the clinics.
- Tumor-intrinsic response to IFNγ shapes the tumor microenvironment and anti–PD-1 response in NSCLC
Using an immunocompetent mouse model of NSCLC, this study demonstrates that tumor-intrinsic response to IFNγ determines response to anti–PD-1 through alterations in the tumor microenvironment.
- MicroRNA-155 is essential for the optimal proliferation and survival of plasmablast B cells
Tracking antigen-specific B cells in vivo since the onset of antigen stimulation shows that miR-155 regulates the early expansion of B-blasts and later on the optimal proliferation and survival of plasmablasts in a B-cell–intrinsic manner.
- Chitinase 1 regulates pulmonary fibrosis by modulating TGF-β/SMAD7 pathway via TGFBRAP1 and FOXO3
Chitinase 1 (CHIT1) plays a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis by modulating canonical and noncanonical TGF-β signaling via interaction with TGFBRAP1 and FOXO3. These findings highlight the CHIT1/SMAD7 axis as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target of pulmonary fibrosis.
- Development of a new monoclonal antibody specific to mouse Vγ6 chain
Using a novel mAb specific to Vγ6 TCR, we find Vγ6+ γδT cells are located in association with medullary thymic epithelial cells and play crucial roles in protection against Klebsiella pneumoniae infection but are pathogenic in psoriasis-like dermatitis in agreement with earlier studies.
- A dual role for SAMHD1 in regulating HBV cccDNA and RT-dependent particle genesis
Our study highlights a dual role for SAMHD1 in regulating hepatitis B virus cccDNA levels and reverse transcriptase–dependent particle genesis.
- Functional inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase disrupts infection by intracellular bacterial pathogens
Many intracellular pathogens hijack cholesterol. Inhibiting acid sphingomyelinase alters cholesterol traffic to target different intracellular bacteria, signifying a host-directed approach for treating infectious disease.
- Gene editing enables T-cell engineering to redirect antigen specificity for potent tumor rejection
Targeted integration of a tumor-reactive T-cell receptor into the TRAC locus using CRISPR-Cas9 and AAV6 redirects primary human T cells against tumor cells in vitro and in vivo.