Immunology
Integrated stress response restricts macrophage necroptosisStress inhibits necroptosis in a PERK-dependent manner via reduced RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL signaling, showing an integral mechanistic connection between stress responses and programmed cell death.
Microbiota regulates the turnover kinetics of gut macrophages in health and inflammationMaintenance of the gut lamina propria–resident macrophage cell pool requires monocyte input during adulthood. Here, Ruedl and colleagues demonstrate that the intestinal microbiome positively influences the replenishment of tissue-resident macrophages under both steady-state and inflammatory conditions.
SATB1-dependent mitochondrial ROS production controls TCR signaling in CD4 T cellsSATB1 regulates mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through the expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A. SATB1-mediated ROS production is necessary for TCR stimulation and T-cell function.
Functional and metabolic fitness of human CD4+ T lymphocytes during metabolic stressHuman T-cell activation, expansion, and effector function is grossly impaired in conditions that combine glucose deprivation and mild mitochondrial stress.
MKP-1 modulates ubiquitination/phosphorylation of TLR signalingMKP-1 is a dual-specific phosphatase best known to dephosphorylate p38 and JNK. This study shows for the first time that MKP-1 modulates the landscape of ubiquitin ligases (TRAF6) and deubiquitinase enzymes, as well as upstream TLR signaling molecules.
Elevated glycolysis imparts functional ability to CD8+ T cells in HIV infectionCytotoxic killer CD8+ T cells (CTLs) are central effectors that eliminate virus infected cells. In HIV infection, HIV-specific CTLs become functionally impaired. Herein we investigated the link between metabolism and CD8+ T-cell functional impairment, known as exhaustion.
The Th1 cell regulatory circuitry is largely conserved between human and mouseComparison of the binding sites of the Th1 lineage-specifying transcription factor T-bet between human and mouse reveals differences in binding sites but that the most of the target genes are shared.
Autoimmune anti-DNA and anti-phosphatidylserine antibodies predict development of severe COVID-19COVID-19 induces high levels of autoimmune anti-DNA and anti-phosphatidylserine antibodies that are detected in some patients upon hospital admission and predict later development of severe disease.
Dendritic cells maintain anti-tumor immunity by positioning CD8 skin-resident memory T cellsTissue-resident memory (TRM) T cells in mouse and human melanoma-associated vitiligo skin form large lymphoid aggregates with CXCL16-expressing dendritic cells. CD11c depletion or disruption of the CXCR6-CXCL16 axis results in loss of skin TRM cells and tumor immunity.
High-dose intravenous immunoglobulins might modulate inflammation in COVID-19 patientsHigh-dose of IVIG show immunomodulatory properties that may be useful for controlling the hyperinflammatory status observed in COVID-19 patients.