Immunology
The Ragulator complex and lysosomal calcium release are crucial for cell migrationLysosomal calcium efflux via TRPML1 drives leukocyte migration by enhancing Lamtor1–MPRIP interaction, and ouabain improves pathogenic inflammation by disrupting Lamtor1’s lysosomal localization.
C-terminal binding protein 2 interacts with JUNB to control macrophage inflammationThis study identifies CTBP2 as an oligomerization-dependent bridge between pro-inflammatory transcription factors and co-repressors that balances the expression of inflammatory genes.
Inhibition of xanthine oxidoreductase with febuxostat, but not allopurinol, prevents inflammasome assembly and IL-1β releaseThis study focuses on the underappreciated distinct effects of two clinically used xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitors: allopurinol and febuxostat. Besides reducing uric acid levels in gout treatment, febuxostat, but not allopurinol, prevents NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and blocks IL-1β production by macrophages.
STAT5B leukemic mutations, altering SH2 tyrosine 665, have opposing impacts on immune gene programsGermline activating and deactivating mutations of STAT5b, part of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, push the immune system and hematopoiesis in opposing directions, tuning systems either up or down.
Adenosine-generating CD39+ plasmablasts predispose to successful infliximab therapy in pediatric IBDIFX responders showed increased CD39 expression on plasmablasts and higher levels of CD39/CD73 co-expression on naïve and memory B cells, along with enhanced ATP degradation and adenosine production before treatment. Response was associated with increased IL10-producing plasmablasts and α4β7hi plasmablasts.
The MFN2 Q367H variant reveals a novel pathomechanism connected to mtDNA-mediated inflammationThe present study describes a novel pathogenic variant in MFN2 from a patient with late-onset distal myopathy and links pathogenic perturbation of MFN2 function to mitochondrial DNA release and inflammation.
FGF7 as an essential mediator for the onset of ankylosing enthesitis related to psoriatic dermatitisThis study sheds light on the pathogenic association between the skin and joints in psoriatic arthritis. The authors indicated that IL-17A, which is produced in the skin, induces joint manifestations via FGF7 signaling in the pathology of psoriatic arthritis.
UNC119 regulates T-cell receptor signalling in primary T cells and T acute lymphocytic leukaemiaInhibiting the ciliary protein UNC119 in primary T cells alters LCK localisation and function independently of the phosphorylation state. UNC119 also may represent a therapeutic target in T acute lymphocytic leukaemia as UNC119 inhibition reduced cancer cell growth.
lncRNA CARINH regulates expression and function of innate immune transcription factor IRF1 in macrophagesThe antisense lncRNA CARINH acts as an additional regulatory layer of antiviral immunity through coordinated regulation of the transcription factor IRF1 and downstream interferon-stimulated genes.
Molecular analysis of acute pyelonephritis—excessive innate and attenuated adaptive immunityCharacteristics of a cytokine storm, with hyper-activated innate immunity and attenuated adaptive immunity in infants with acute pyelonephritis, defined by gene expression, urine protein, and exome sequence analysis.