Immunology
Constitutive CD8 expression drives innate CD8+ T-cell differentiation via induction of iNKT2 cellsConstitutive CD8 expression induces differentiation of innate memory-like CD8+ thymocytes in both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic manner, the latter being accomplished by an increase in the iNKT2 subset.
Virus-induced transposable element expression up-regulation in human and mouse host cellsGenome-wide transposon expression up-regulation in host cells regardless of virus, species, and host cell tissue types occurs early during viral infection and likely contributes to promoting the host innate immune response.
Bat IFITM3 restriction depends on S-palmitoylation and a polymorphic site within the CD225 domainComparative analysis reveals adaptive evolution of bat IFITMs and a naturally polymorphic site within the conserved CD225 domain that affects S-palmitoylation and antiviral function of bat IFITM3.
Expression of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase relates to monocyte dysfunction and severity of cirrhosisImmune dysfunction determines morbidity and mortality in liver cirrhosis. Distinct AXL-expressing circulating monocytes, which regulate antimicrobial responses, expand with progression of the disease.
Essential functions of Runx/Cbfβ in gut conventional dendritic cells for priming Rorγt+ T cellsLoss of Runx/Cbfβ complexes during DC development leads to a loss of gut CD103+CD11b+ cDC2s, which was accompanied with impaired differentiation of both Rorγt+ Th17 cells and type 3 Rorγt+ Treg cells.
Cx3cr1-deficient microglia exhibit a premature aging transcriptomeGyoneva et al use RNA-seq to show that Cx3cr1-deficient microglia in young mice display a gene expression profile similar to microglia in aged mice, suggesting premature microglial aging.
The AKT isoforms 1 and 2 drive B cell fate decisions during the germinal center responseB cell–intrinsic AKT1/2 are essential for germinal center formation, antibody production and affinity maturation, and plasma cell differentiation.
The role of MHC class I recycling and Arf6 in cross-presentation by murine dendritic cellsMHC-I internalization and recycling in DCs neither requires Arf6 nor provides MHC-I to the Rab11+ endocytic recycling compartment; however, cross-presentation of immune complexes depends on Arf6.
MMP9 modulates the metastatic cascade and immune landscape for breast cancer anti-metastatic therapyInhibition of active MMP9 early during tumorigenesis suppresses tumor cell migration, invasion, and colony formation and tilts the balance towards anti-tumor immunity by activating CD8+ T cells.
Thymosin β4 promotes autophagy and repair via HIF-1α stabilization in chronic granulomatous diseaseThis study demonstrates that thymosin β4 stabilizes HIF-1a to promote autophagy and up-regulate genes involved in tissue and mucosal barrier protection in chronic granulomatous disease.