TY - JOUR T1 - Intensive single-cell analysis reveals immune-cell diversity among healthy individuals JF - Life Science Alliance JO - Life Sci. Alliance DO - 10.26508/lsa.202201398 VL - 5 IS - 7 SP - e202201398 AU - Yukie Kashima AU - Keiya Kaneko AU - Patrick Reteng AU - Nina Yoshitake AU - Lucky Ronald Runtuwene AU - Satoi Nagasawa AU - Masaya Onishi AU - Masahide Seki AU - Ayako Suzuki AU - Sumio Sugano AU - Mamiko Sakata-Yanagimoto AU - Yumiko Imai AU - Kaori Nakayama-Hosoya AU - Ai Kawana-Tachikawa AU - Taketoshi Mizutani AU - Yutaka Suzuki Y1 - 2022/07/01 UR - https://www.life-science-alliance.org/content/5/7/e202201398.abstract N2 - Immune responses are different between individuals and personal health histories and unique environmental conditions should collectively determine the present state of immune cells. However, the molecular systems underlying such heterogeneity remain elusive. Here, we conducted a systematic time-lapse single-cell analysis, using 171 single-cell libraries and 30 mass cytometry datasets intensively for seven healthy individuals. We found substantial diversity in immune-cell profiles between different individuals. These patterns showed daily fluctuations even within the same individual. Similar diversities were also observed for the T-cell and B-cell receptor repertoires. Detailed immune-cell profiles at healthy statuses should give essential background information to understand their immune responses, when the individual is exposed to various environmental conditions. To demonstrate this idea, we conducted the similar analysis for the same individuals on the vaccination of influenza and SARS-CoV-2. In fact, we detected distinct responses to vaccines between individuals, although key responses are common. Single-cell immune-cell profile data should make fundamental data resource to understand variable immune responses, which are unique to each individual. ER -