RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Modulation of Aub–TDRD interactions elucidates piRNA amplification and germplasm formation JF Life Science Alliance JO Life Sci. Alliance FD Life Science Alliance LLC SP e202000912 DO 10.26508/lsa.202000912 VO 4 IS 3 A1 Vrettos, Nicholas A1 Maragkakis, Manolis A1 Alexiou, Panagiotis A1 Sgourdou, Paraskevi A1 Ibrahim, Fadia A1 Palmieri, Daniel A1 Kirino, Yohei A1 Mourelatos, Zissimos YR 2021 UL https://www.life-science-alliance.org/content/4/3/e202000912.abstract AB Aub guided by piRNAs ensures genome integrity by cleaving retrotransposons, and genome propagation by trapping mRNAs to form the germplasm that instructs germ cell formation. Arginines at the N-terminus of Aub (Aub–NTRs) interact with Tudor and other Tudor domain–containing proteins (TDRDs). Aub–TDRD interactions suppress active retrotransposons via piRNA amplification and form germplasm via generation of Aub–Tudor ribonucleoproteins. Here, we show that Aub–NTRs are dispensable for primary piRNA biogenesis but essential for piRNA amplification and that their symmetric dimethylation is required for germplasm formation and germ cell specification but largely redundant for piRNA amplification.