@article {Mehmeti-Ajradinie202000893, author = {Meliha Mehmeti-Ajradini and Caroline Bergenfelz and Anna-Maria Larsson and Robert Carlsson and Kristian Riesbeck and Jonas Ahl and Helena Janols and Marlene Wullt and Anders Bredberg and Eva K{\"a}llberg and Frida Bj{\"o}rk Gunnarsdottir and Camilla Rydberg Millrud and Lisa Ryd{\'e}n and Gesine Paul and Niklas Loman and J{\"o}rgen Adolfsson and Ana Carneiro and Karin Jirstr{\"o}m and Fredrika Killander and Daniel Bexell and Karin Leandersson}, title = {Human G-MDSCs are neutrophils at distinct maturation stages promoting tumor growth in breast cancer}, volume = {3}, number = {11}, elocation-id = {e202000893}, year = {2020}, doi = {10.26508/lsa.202000893}, publisher = {Life Science Alliance}, abstract = {Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are known to contribute to immune evasion in cancer. However, the function of the human granulocytic (G)-MDSC subset during tumor progression is largely unknown, and there are no established markers for their identification in human tumor specimens. Using gene expression profiling, mass cytometry, and tumor microarrays, we here demonstrate that human G-MDSCs occur as neutrophils at distinct maturation stages, with a disease-specific profile. G-MDSCs derived from patients with metastatic breast cancer and malignant melanoma display a unique immature neutrophil profile, that is more similar to healthy donor neutrophils than to G-MDSCs from sepsis patients. Finally, we show that primary G-MDSCs from metastatic breast cancer patients co-transplanted with breast cancer cells, promote tumor growth, and affect vessel formation, leading to myeloid immune cell exclusion. Our findings reveal a role for human G-MDSC in tumor progression and have clinical implications also for targeted immunotherapy.}, URL = {https://www.life-science-alliance.org/content/3/11/e202000893}, eprint = {https://www.life-science-alliance.org/content/3/11/e202000893.full.pdf}, journal = {Life Science Alliance} }