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Research Articles
Noncoding AUG circRNAs constitute an abundant and conserved subclass of circlesAUG circRNAs are highly abundant and conserved with an Alu-independent mode of biogenesis. Although AUG circRNAs contain the N-terminal ORFs, no evidence supports translation of these circRNAs.
Characterisation of class VI TRIM RING domains: linking RING activity to C-terminal domain identityThis study shows that members of the class VI TRIM E3 ligase family contain monomeric RING domains and display no ligase activity and may require additional regulatory events to promote ubiquitination.
Cellular response upon proliferation in the presence of an active mitotic checkpointCells that replicate with an active mitotic checkpoint remain capable to mount multiple times an efficient arrest, are bigger than unperturbed cells, rely more heavily on Cdh1, and have an altered protein expression profile.
Chitinase 1 regulates pulmonary fibrosis by modulating TGF-β/SMAD7 pathway via TGFBRAP1 and FOXO3Chitinase 1 (CHIT1) plays a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis by modulating canonical and noncanonical TGF-β signaling via interaction with TGFBRAP1 and FOXO3. These findings highlight the CHIT1/SMAD7 axis as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target of pulmonary fibrosis.
MicroRNA-155 is essential for the optimal proliferation and survival of plasmablast B cellsTracking antigen-specific B cells in vivo since the onset of antigen stimulation shows that miR-155 regulates the early expansion of B-blasts and later on the optimal proliferation and survival of plasmablasts in a B-cell–intrinsic manner.
An N-terminal–truncated isoform of FAM134B (FAM134B-2) regulates starvation-induced hepatic selective ER-phagyThis study has identified a novel truncated isoform of FAM134B (FAM134B-2) that regulates starvation-induced selective ER-phagy of secretory proteins such as ApoCIII through the activation of C/EBPβ.
Loss of PGC-1α in RPE induces mesenchymal transition and promotes retinal degenerationSustained loss of PGC-1α in RPE cells triggers mitochondrial/autophagic dysfunction and oxidative damage resulting in epithelial dedifferentiation and mesenchymal transition. RPE dysfunction caused by deletion of the PGC-1 coactivators in vivo causes retinal degeneration.
The hypoxia-response pathway modulates RAS/MAPK–mediated cell fate decisions in Caenorhabditis elegansAtmospheric oxygen levels modulate the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans through a cross-talk between the DELTA/NOTCH and hypoxia signaling pathways. These mechanisms may permit the animals to adapt their development to changes in the environment.
Molecular characterization of CHAD domains as inorganic polyphosphate-binding modulesA domain of unknown function termed CHAD, present in all kingdoms of life, is characterized as a specific inorganic polyphosphate-binding domain.
Rate of brain aging and APOE ε4 are synergistic risk factors for Alzheimer’s diseaseThis study describes a gauge for brain aging predictive of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease synergistic with the APOE ε4 allele.
Tumor-intrinsic response to IFNγ shapes the tumor microenvironment and anti–PD-1 response in NSCLCUsing an immunocompetent mouse model of NSCLC, this study demonstrates that tumor-intrinsic response to IFNγ determines response to anti–PD-1 through alterations in the tumor microenvironment.
PKAc is not required for the preerythrocytic stages of Plasmodium bergheiThe mutant salivary gland sporozoites lacking PKAc are able to glide, invade hepatocytes, and mature into hepatic merozoites, which release successfully from the merosome, however, fail to initiate blood stage infection when inoculated into mice.
The S. Typhi effector StoD is an E3/E4 ubiquitin ligase which binds K48- and K63-linked diubiquitinSalmonella Typhi is estimated to cause 100,000–200,000 deaths annually, yet its infection strategy remains elusive. This article reports of the first Typhi-specific effector, which has an E3/E4 ubiquitin ligase activity and can uniquely bind K48- and K63-linked diubiquitin.
The m6A pathway protects the transcriptome integrity by restricting RNA chimera formation in plantsThis study reveals that an m6A-assisted polyadenylation pathway comprising conserved m6A writer proteins and a plant-specific m6A reader contributes to transcriptome integrity in Arabidopsis thaliana by restricting RNA chimera formation at rearranged loci.
Mesenchymal stromal cell activation by breast cancer secretomes in bioengineered 3D microenvironmentsThis study shows the activation of tumour-associated mesenchymal stromal cells by breast cancer secretomes in bioengineered 3D microenvironments using comprehensive multiomics analysis methods.
Robust repression of tRNA gene transcription during stress requires protein arginine methylationThis work examines how protein arginine methylation of Rpc31, a subunit of RNA Pol III, promotes negative regulation of tRNA biogenesis in the context of cellular stress.
Opposing functions of F-BAR proteins in neuronal membrane protrusion, tubule formation, and neurite outgrowthNeurite formation is a fundamental antecedent to axon and dendrite formation, but the mechanisms that underlie this important process are poorly characterized. Here, we demonstrate that two F-BAR proteins, CIP4 and FBP17, have opposing functions in early cortical neuron development.
ATP hydrolysis by KaiC promotes its KaiA binding in the cyanobacterial circadian clock systemATP hydrolysis in the KaiC hexamer triggers the exposure of its C-terminal segments into the solvent so as to capture KaiA, providing mechanistic insights into the circadian periodicity regulation.
Molecular characterization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii telomeres and telomerase mutantsThis study characterizes the sequence, end structure, and length distribution of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii telomeres and shows that telomerase mutants are defective in telomere maintenance.
The WT1–BASP1 complex is required to maintain the differentiated state of taste receptor cellsThe WT1/BASP1 complex is important to maintain taste receptor cells in their terminally differentiated state.
Evidence for vesicle-mediated antigen export by the human pathogen Babesia microtiThe human pathogen Babesia microti undergoes unique morphogenesis during its development within human and mouse red blood cells and uses a novel vesicle-based system for export of antigens into the host cell and environment.
CRISPR-induced double-strand breaks trigger recombination between homologous chromosome armsCRISPR–Cas9 enables recombination between homologous chromosome arms at predefined sites and also underscores the need for caution when applying CRISPR technologies in translational medicine.
Expression of a constitutively active human STING mutant in hematopoietic cells produces an Ifnar1-dependent vasculopathy in miceTransgenic expression of a mutant hSTING cDNA under the control of the Vav1 gene promoter leads to a vasculopathy similar to that of the interferonopathy, STING-associated vasculopathy of infancy.
An unusual and vital protein with guanylate cyclase and P4-ATPase domains in a pathogenic protistToxoplasma gondii harbors an alveolate-specific guanylate cyclase linked to P-type ATPase motifs, which is an essential actuator of cGMP-dependent gliding motility, egress, and invasion during acute infection.
Fibro-adipogenic progenitors of dystrophic mice are insensitive to NOTCH regulation of adipogenesisThe NOTCH pathway, in concert with TNFa, restrains adipogenesis of muscle fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). Dystrophin-deficient FAPs are less sensitive to NOTCH anti-adipogenic signals, thus explaining why fat infiltrations are solely observed in the muscles of dystrophic individuals.
Tamoxifen blocks retrograde trafficking of Shiga toxin 1 and 2 and protects against lethal toxicosisThis study reports an unexpected role of late endosome–lysosome fusion in early endosome-to-Golgi trafficking of Shiga toxins and identifies tamoxifen to be a potent inhibitor of Shiga toxicosis.
Assembly mechanisms of the bacterial cytoskeletal protein FilPFilP is a coiled-coil protein that self-assembles into striated filaments and meshwork that shares structural and biochemical characteristics with metazoan intermediate filaments.
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Development of a new monoclonal antibody specific to mouse Vγ6 chainUsing a novel mAb specific to Vγ6 TCR, we find Vγ6+ γδT cells are located in association with medullary thymic epithelial cells and play crucial roles in protection against Klebsiella pneumoniae infection but are pathogenic in psoriasis-like dermatitis in agreement with earlier studies.
