Cells of a multicellular organism are genetically homogeneous but structurally and functionally
heterogeneous owing to the differential expression of genes. Many of these differences in …

Reprogramming of somatic cells to a pluripotent embryonic stem cell-like state has been
achieved by nuclear transplantation of a somatic nucleus into an enucleated egg and most …

The transcription factors OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG have essential roles in early development
and are required for the propagation of undifferentiated embryonic stem (ES) cells in …

The most highly conserved noncoding elements (HCNEs) in mammalian genomes cluster
within regions enriched for genes encoding developmentally important transcription factors (…

Cloning of mammals by nuclear transfer (NT) results in gestational or neonatal failure with
at most a few percent of manipulated embryos resulting in live births. Many of those that …

Somatic cell nuclear transfer and transcription-factor-based reprogramming revert adult
cells to an embryonic state, and yield pluripotent stem cells that can generate all tissues. …

We report the application of single-molecule-based sequencing technology for high-throughput
profiling of histone modifications in mammalian cells. By obtaining over four billion bases …

Developmental programs are controlled by transcription factors and chromatin regulators,
which maintain specific gene expression programs through epigenetic modification of the …

Polycomb group proteins are essential for early development in metazoans, but their
contributions to human development are not well understood. We have mapped the Polycomb …

… We also thank members of the Gifford, Young and Jaenisch laboratories for discussions
and critical review of the manuscript. We are grateful to T. Magnuson for the Eed mutant (17Rn5-…