Cell
Volume 150, Issue 1, 6 July 2012, Pages 111-121
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Article
A Translation-Like Cycle Is a Quality Control Checkpoint for Maturing 40S Ribosome Subunits

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Summary

Assembly factors (AFs) prevent premature translation initiation on small (40S) ribosomal subunit assembly intermediates by blocking ligand binding. However, it is unclear how AFs are displaced from maturing 40S ribosomes, if or how maturing subunits are assessed for fidelity, and what prevents premature translation initiation once AFs dissociate. Here we show that maturation involves a translation-like cycle whereby the translation factor eIF5B, a GTPase, promotes joining of large (60S) subunits with pre-40S subunits to give 80S-like complexes, which are subsequently disassembled by the termination factor Rli1, an ATPase. The AFs Tsr1 and Rio2 block the mRNA channel and initiator tRNA binding site, and therefore 80S-like ribosomes lack mRNA or initiator tRNA. After Tsr1 and Rio2 dissociate from 80S-like complexes Rli1-directed displacement of 60S subunits allows for translation initiation. This cycle thus provides a functional test of 60S subunit binding and the GTPase site before ribosomes enter the translating pool.

Highlights

► 60S ribosomes join maturing pre-40S subunits in a translation-like cycle ► This cycle is conserved, eIF5B-dependent, and provides a fidelity checkpoint ► The resulting 80S-like ribosomes are not translation initiation intermediates ► Rli1•Dom34 disassemble 80S-like ribosomes for translation initiation

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